RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
ORGANS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ARE:
UPPER RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
Nose and nasal cavities, pharynx
LOWER RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
Larynx
Trachea
Two bronchi
Two lungs and their
Coverings – pleura
Muscles of respiration – the intercostals muscle and
diaphragm
FUNCTION OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The function of lungs is the interchange of gases,
oxygen and carbondies.
1)
Supply oxygen to
the body and eliminate carbondioxide
2)
Acid base
balance of the body is maintained. Blood is always alkaline the degree of
alkalinity depends on the hydrogenion concentrations and this is expressed as
PH of blood
The PH of 7 – represents a neutral solution
The PH from 7 – 1 is an alkaline solution
The PH from 7 – 14 is an alkaline solution
Any change in the PH value of blood leads to certain
diseases like acidosis and alkalosis. Blood is always slightly alkaline the Ph
of blood is 7.35 – 7.45
3)
Larynx produce
voice
THE CAPACITY OF THE LUNGS
The total capacity of the lungs is from 4500 to 5500 ml or
4 ½ to
5 ½ liters of air
VITAL CAPACITY
The volume of air that can be made to pass into and out of
lungs by the most forcible and expiration is termed as the vital capacity of
the lungs. It is measured by means of spirometer. In normal man, it is 4 – 5
liters and in normal womens it is 3 – 4 liters, the vial capacity is reduced in
diseases of the lungs heart and by weakness of the muscles of respiration